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Countries that were renamed in the XX and XXI centuries – in alphabetical order by the current name of the country
List format: year of renaming | old (previous) name – new (current) name of the country
- 1971 East Pakistan – Bangladesh
- 1973 British Honduras – Belize
- 1975 Dahomey – Benin
- 1966 Bechuanaland – Botswana
- 1984 Upper Volta – Burkina Faso
- 1980 New Hebrides – Vanuatu
- 1957 Gold Coast – Ghana
- 1974 Portuguese Guinea – Guinea-Bissau
- 1997 Zaire – Democratic Republic of the Congo
- 1977 French territory of the Afar and Issa – Djibouti
- 2018 Swaziland – Eswatini
- 1941 Abyssinia – Ethiopia
- 1980 Rhodesia – Zimbabwe
- 1935 Persia – Iran
- 2013 Cape Verde Islands – Cabo Verde
- 1989 Kampuchea – Cambodia
- 1979 Gilbert Islands – Kiribati
- 1986 Ivory Coast – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire
- 1966 Basutoland – Lesotho
- 1964 Nyasaland – Malawi
- 1960 French Sudan – Mali
- 1989 Burma – Myanmar
- 1968 Southwest Africa – Namibia
- 2019 Macedonia – North Macedonia
- 1947 Siam – Thailand (this name was also used in 1939...1945, but in 1945 the name Siam returned for a short time)
- 1964 Tanganyika + Zanzibar – Tanzania
- 1975 Ellis Islands – Tuvalu
- 1923 Ottoman Empire (part) – Turkey
- 1958 Ubangui Shari – Central African Republic
- 1972 Ceylon – Sri Lanka
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